Associations of electronic device use before and after sleep with psychological distress among Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional study

Jung Jae Lee; Man Ping Wang; Tzu Tsun Luk; Ningyuan Guo; Sophia Siu Chee Chan; Tai Hing Lam

doi:10.2196/15403

Associations of electronic device use before and after sleep with psychological distress among Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional study

Jung Jae Lee, Man Ping Wang, Tzu Tsun Luk, Ningyuan Guo, Sophia Siu Chee Chan, Tai Hing Lam

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Hong Kong has a high rate of electronic device (e-device; computer, smartphone, and tablet) use. However, little is known about the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological distress. Methods: A probability-based telephone survey was conducted on 3162 Hong Kong adults (54.6% female; mean age 47.4 years, SD 18.3 years) in 2016. Multivariate linear and Poisson regressions were used to calculate adjusted regression coefficients (aBs) and prevalence ratios (aPRs) of anxiety and depressive symptoms (measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-4) for the duration from waking to the first e-device use (≥61, 31-60, 6-30, and ≤5 minutes) and the duration of e-device use before sleeping (≤5, 6-30, 31-60, and ≥61 minutes). Results: The first e-device use in ≤5 (vs ≥61) minutes after waking was associated with anxiety (aB 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.46; aPR 1.74, 95% CI 1.34-2.25) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.37; aPR 1.84, 95% CI 1.33-2.54). Using e-devices for ≥61 (vs ≤5) minutes before sleeping was also associated with anxiety (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.31; aPR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.02). E-device use both ≤5 minutes after waking and for ≥61 minutes before sleeping was strongly associated with anxiety (aB 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.90; aPR 2.64, 95% CI 1.90-3.67) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.74; aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.69-3.88). Conclusions: E-device use immediately (≤5 minutes) after waking and use for a long duration (≥61 minutes) before sleeping were associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults in Hong Kong.

Original language	English
Article number	e15403
Journal	JMIR Mental Health
Volume	7
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2196/15403
Publication status	Published - Jun 2020
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© Jung Jae Lee, Man Ping Wang, Tzu Tsun Luk, Ningyuan Guo, Sophia Siu-Chee Chan, Tai Hing Lam. Originally published in JMIR Mental Health (http://mental.jmir.org), 11.06.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Mental Health, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mental.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Psychiatry and Mental health

Keywords

Addictive behavior
Anxiety
Computers
Depression
Devices
Internet
Smartphone
Withdrawal symptoms

Access to Document

10.2196/15403

Cite this

@article{675d563d45d2461bb396e53e012721bf,

title = "Associations of electronic device use before and after sleep with psychological distress among Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional study",

abstract = "Background: Hong Kong has a high rate of electronic device (e-device; computer, smartphone, and tablet) use. However, little is known about the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological distress. Methods: A probability-based telephone survey was conducted on 3162 Hong Kong adults (54.6% female; mean age 47.4 years, SD 18.3 years) in 2016. Multivariate linear and Poisson regressions were used to calculate adjusted regression coefficients (aBs) and prevalence ratios (aPRs) of anxiety and depressive symptoms (measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-4) for the duration from waking to the first e-device use (≥61, 31-60, 6-30, and ≤5 minutes) and the duration of e-device use before sleeping (≤5, 6-30, 31-60, and ≥61 minutes). Results: The first e-device use in ≤5 (vs ≥61) minutes after waking was associated with anxiety (aB 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.46; aPR 1.74, 95% CI 1.34-2.25) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.37; aPR 1.84, 95% CI 1.33-2.54). Using e-devices for ≥61 (vs ≤5) minutes before sleeping was also associated with anxiety (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.31; aPR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.02). E-device use both ≤5 minutes after waking and for ≥61 minutes before sleeping was strongly associated with anxiety (aB 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.90; aPR 2.64, 95% CI 1.90-3.67) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.74; aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.69-3.88). Conclusions: E-device use immediately (≤5 minutes) after waking and use for a long duration (≥61 minutes) before sleeping were associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults in Hong Kong.",

keywords = "Addictive behavior, Anxiety, Computers, Depression, Devices, Internet, Smartphone, Withdrawal symptoms",

author = "Lee, {Jung Jae} and Wang, {Man Ping} and Luk, {Tzu Tsun} and Ningyuan Guo and Chan, {Sophia Siu Chee} and Lam, {Tai Hing}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Jung Jae Lee, Man Ping Wang, Tzu Tsun Luk, Ningyuan Guo, Sophia Siu-Chee Chan, Tai Hing Lam. Originally published in JMIR Mental Health (http://mental.jmir.org), 11.06.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Mental Health, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mental.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.",

year = "2020",

month = jun,

doi = "10.2196/15403",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

journal = "JMIR Mental Health",

issn = "2368-7959",

publisher = "JMIR Publications Inc.",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations of electronic device use before and after sleep with psychological distress among Chinese adults in Hong Kong

T2 - Cross-sectional study

AU - Lee, Jung Jae

AU - Wang, Man Ping

AU - Luk, Tzu Tsun

AU - Guo, Ningyuan

AU - Chan, Sophia Siu Chee

AU - Lam, Tai Hing

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Jung Jae Lee, Man Ping Wang, Tzu Tsun Luk, Ningyuan Guo, Sophia Siu-Chee Chan, Tai Hing Lam. Originally published in JMIR Mental Health (http://mental.jmir.org), 11.06.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Mental Health, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mental.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

PY - 2020/6

Y1 - 2020/6

N2 - Background: Hong Kong has a high rate of electronic device (e-device; computer, smartphone, and tablet) use. However, little is known about the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological distress. Methods: A probability-based telephone survey was conducted on 3162 Hong Kong adults (54.6% female; mean age 47.4 years, SD 18.3 years) in 2016. Multivariate linear and Poisson regressions were used to calculate adjusted regression coefficients (aBs) and prevalence ratios (aPRs) of anxiety and depressive symptoms (measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-4) for the duration from waking to the first e-device use (≥61, 31-60, 6-30, and ≤5 minutes) and the duration of e-device use before sleeping (≤5, 6-30, 31-60, and ≥61 minutes). Results: The first e-device use in ≤5 (vs ≥61) minutes after waking was associated with anxiety (aB 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.46; aPR 1.74, 95% CI 1.34-2.25) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.37; aPR 1.84, 95% CI 1.33-2.54). Using e-devices for ≥61 (vs ≤5) minutes before sleeping was also associated with anxiety (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.31; aPR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.02). E-device use both ≤5 minutes after waking and for ≥61 minutes before sleeping was strongly associated with anxiety (aB 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.90; aPR 2.64, 95% CI 1.90-3.67) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.74; aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.69-3.88). Conclusions: E-device use immediately (≤5 minutes) after waking and use for a long duration (≥61 minutes) before sleeping were associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults in Hong Kong.

AB - Background: Hong Kong has a high rate of electronic device (e-device; computer, smartphone, and tablet) use. However, little is known about the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations of the duration of e-device use before and after sleep with psychological distress. Methods: A probability-based telephone survey was conducted on 3162 Hong Kong adults (54.6% female; mean age 47.4 years, SD 18.3 years) in 2016. Multivariate linear and Poisson regressions were used to calculate adjusted regression coefficients (aBs) and prevalence ratios (aPRs) of anxiety and depressive symptoms (measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-4) for the duration from waking to the first e-device use (≥61, 31-60, 6-30, and ≤5 minutes) and the duration of e-device use before sleeping (≤5, 6-30, 31-60, and ≥61 minutes). Results: The first e-device use in ≤5 (vs ≥61) minutes after waking was associated with anxiety (aB 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.46; aPR 1.74, 95% CI 1.34-2.25) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.37; aPR 1.84, 95% CI 1.33-2.54). Using e-devices for ≥61 (vs ≤5) minutes before sleeping was also associated with anxiety (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.31; aPR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28; aPR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.02). E-device use both ≤5 minutes after waking and for ≥61 minutes before sleeping was strongly associated with anxiety (aB 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.90; aPR 2.64, 95% CI 1.90-3.67) and depressive symptoms (aB 0.55, 95% CI 0.36-0.74; aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.69-3.88). Conclusions: E-device use immediately (≤5 minutes) after waking and use for a long duration (≥61 minutes) before sleeping were associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults in Hong Kong.

KW - Addictive behavior

KW - Anxiety

KW - Computers

KW - Depression

KW - Devices

KW - Internet

KW - Smartphone

KW - Withdrawal symptoms

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097007420&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85097007420&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.2196/15403

DO - 10.2196/15403

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85097007420

SN - 2368-7959

VL - 7

JO - JMIR Mental Health

JF - JMIR Mental Health

IS - 6

M1 - e15403

ER -

Associations of electronic device use before and after sleep with psychological distress among Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Cross-sectional study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Cite this